Bipolar disorder is commonly known as the sudden and repeated alternation of two completely different facets of an individual’s personality, against their intention, for no identifiable reason and resulting in socialising difficulties. There are two distinct sets of symptoms, each corresponding to one of the two conflicting states, one being of hyper excitability and the other one of lethargy or melancholy.
The hyper excitable state
This can be described as similar to a state induced by an excess of caffeine, energising drinks or the influence of amphetamines. An individual will lose focus very quickly and be easily distracted, dominated by a diverse array of thoughts occurring simultaneously. Irritability is common as well as the classic traits of a choleric temperament. Akin to the influence of amphetamines or cocaine, one’s self confidence may be very high and dismiss any dissenting opinions on a regular basis. Sleeping hours may be affected as well, resulting in a lack of sleep which is not transposed into tiredness. Also, sexual arousal occurs more easily and frequently than normal. A predisposition to consume drugs is likely to exist as well, in order to fuel the over confidence. A person will have an insatiable thirst for information of all kinds and will be keen on getting involved in various fields of activity, often taking on too much work and trying to overcome the barriers imposed by time and human limits.
The lethargic state
This state is the complete opposite of the first one and is characterised by a lack of interest for activities which used to bring enjoyment, and an accentuated state of boredom, sometimes even hopelessness, sets in. Nostalgia, regrets, restlessness and an inability to focus on the present and future are common. A decrease in appetite and sex drive is also very frequent, although some people do tend to find comfort in eating and gain weight. Unlike the state of hyper excitability, this one entails having very low energy levels, getting tired easily, being completely uninterested in new activities and avoiding any challenges. Sleeping is affected as well, mainly due to anxiety, and even small tasks or trivial problems cause intense worrying. There is often a feeling of not being able to cope, which combined with intense and constant pessimism, can lead to suicidal thoughts.
Bipolar disorder can only be considered when both these states are present and interchange on a frequent basis, without necessarily being related to concrete problems or events in someone’s life. However, do keep in mind that the crisis might be a spiritual one and that psychiatric treatment and especially psychotropic drugs can do more harm than good in the attempt to find a steady balance in life. Actually, misdiagnose of this disorder is known to be quite common. It is highly possible that the lethargic state is caused by a subconscious realisation of the wrong goals chosen in life and the meaninglessness of pursuing them; therefore a lifestyle change might be more effective than altering the chemicals in your brain through psychiatric treatment.
